Sacred Arts of Haitian VodouIntroductionAbout HaitiRoots of VodouRitualSpiritsTools of Worship
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Roots
Fon / Nago

The name 'Vodou' is inherited from the Fon kingdom of what is now Benin (once Dahomey) in West Africa, where sacred energies are called 'vodun'. Most of the vocabulary associated with the Haitian Vodou temple—words such as 'temple', 'priest', 'priestess', 'servitor' (ounfo, oungan, manbo, ounsi)—derive from Fon. So do the names and attributes of the 'cool' Rada spirits (Danbala & Ayida Wedo, Ezili Freda, Legba, Azaka, Gede), and of the drum types designated for their rites. The name 'Rada' comes from the Fon city of Allada. The traditions of the Yoruba-speaking people known as Nago, neighbors of the Fon to the east, also influenced the development of Haitian Vodou. Many Yoruba people were brought to Haiti and their heritage is preserved in the rite called Nago.

Sato drum photo by Suzanne Preston Blier

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