The oceans were once widely thought to be as vast as to be essentially immune from human harms.  We now know that anthropogenic threats to marine biodiversity are widespread, and place excessive stresses on species and ecosystem functions.  These stressed systems now exist in highly reduced versions, providing less productivity and less resilience to major disturbances such as epidemic diseases, hurricanes, and climate change.

Sustaining Seascapes: The Science and Policy of Marine Resource Management examined the large-scale conservation of marine ecosystems - considering novel approaches to the sustainable management of biodiversity and fisheries.  Through theory, reviews, and case studies, participants explored efforts to integrate natural, socioeconomic, and cultural factors at local and regional scales in response to ongoing threats to both fisheries and biodiversity.

The symposium was co-sponsored by a consortium of organizations, including Environmental Defense, NOAA's Marine Protected Areas Center, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Wildlife Conservation Society, and the World Wildlife Fund.

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AGENDA

DAY ONE
THE MARINE CRISIS, ITS COMPONENTS, AND THEIR INTEGRATION

WELCOME
Michael Novacek, Senior Vice President and Provost of Science, American Museum of Natural History

Plenary
THE CRISIS IN FISHERIES AND MARINE BIODIVERSITY
Daniel Pauly, Professor of Fisheries, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
Ellen V. Futter, President, American Museum of Natural History

9:45 SESSION I

Session Moderator: Paula Mikkelsen, Assistant Curator of Malacology, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, AMNH

FISHERIES, TROPHIC CASCADES, AND MARINE BIODIVERSITY
Robert S. Steneck, Professor, School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine

FROM SINGLE SPECIES TO ECOSYSTEMS: MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES FOR INSTITUTIONS
Susan White, MPA Inventory, Fish and Wildlife Service

THE ROLE OF LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL VERSUS LOCAL RETENTION IN REPLENISHING MARINE POPULATIONS
Robert K. Cowen, Professor and Maytag Chair of Ichthyology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami

Panel Discussion
Robert K. Cowen, Professor and Maytag Chair of Ichthyology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami
Robert S. Steneck, Professor, School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine
Susan White, MPA Inventory, Fish and Wildlife Service

11:20 SESSION II

Session Moderator: Roger B. Griffis, Policy Advisor, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

THE ECONOMICS OF COASTAL ZONES
Geoffrey Heal, Garrett Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Responsibility and Professor of Economics and Finance, Graduate School of Business, Columbia University

COMEDIES OF THE COMMONS: MECHANISMS FOR MANAGING SHARED RESOURCES
Bonnie J. McCay, Professor, Department of Human Ecology, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

NEW MATH: THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF THE PROTECTION OF THE NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
Stephanie Fried, Senior Scientist, Oceans Program, Environmental Defense

Panel Discussion
Stephanie Fried, Senior Scientist, Oceans Program, Environmental Defense
Bonnie J. McCay, Professor, Department of Human Ecology, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Geoffrey Heal Garrett, Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Responsibility and Professor of Economics and Finance, Graduate School of Business, Columbia University

Plenary
MARINE PROTECTED AREAS: USES AND ABUSES WORLDWIDE
Tundi Agardy, Executive Director, Sound Seas

2:50 SESSION III

Session Moderator: Susan White, MPA Inventory, Fish and Wildlife Service

NATURE VS. AQUACULTURE: IS THERE A COMPROMISE?
Mark Sagoff, Senior Research Scholar, Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park

SEEKING AGREEMENT ON MARINE PROTECTED AREAS: A FACILITATOR’S LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE DRY TORTUGAS AND THE CHANNEL ISLANDS PROCESSES
Michael Eng, Senior Program Manager, U.S. Institute for Environmental Conflict Resolution

CONFLICT, COMPLEXITY, UNCERTAINTY, AND THE EVALUATION OF MPAs
Mark Ridgley, Professor, Department of Geography, University of Hawaii at Manoa

THE ROLE OF UNCERTAINTY IN MARINE CONSERVATION
Louis W. Botsford, Professor of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis

Panel Discussion
Louis W. Botsford, Professor of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis
Michael Eng, Senior Program Manager, U.S. Institute for Environmental Conflict Resolution
Mark Ridgley, Professor, Department of Geography, University of Hawaii at Manoa
Mark Sagoff, Senior Research Scholar, Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park

4:45 SESSION IV

Session Moderator: Douglas N. Rader, Senior Scientist, Environmental Defense Oceans Program

MATCHING SOCIAL AND ECOLOGICAL SCALE – THE LOBSTER FISHERY
James A. Wilson, Professor of Marine Sciences and Resource Economics and Associate Director, School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine

CALIFORNIA’S MARINE LIFE PROTECTION ACT: BY POPULAR DEMAND
Karen Garrison, Senior Policy Analyst, Natural Resources Defense Council

QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES TO THE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN FACTORS INFLUENCING MPA SUCCESS
Richard B. Pollnac, Professor, Departments of Anthropology and Marine Affairs and Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island

Panel Discussion
Karen Garrison, Senior Policy Analyst, Natural Resources Defense Council
Richard B. Pollnac, Professor, Departments of Anthropology and Marine Affairs and Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island
James A. Wilson, Professor of Marine Sciences and Resource Economics and Associate Director, School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine

6:10 Poster Session and Reception

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DAY TWO
LESSONS FROM SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT

8:25 SESSION V

Session Moderator: Rosemarie Gnam, Assistant Director, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, AMNH

Panel Discussion
CONSERVATIONISTS' PERSPECTIVES ON THE SCIENCE AND POLICY OF SUSTAINING SEASCAPES
Scott Burns, Director of Fisheries Conservation, World Wildlife Fund
Ellen Pikitch, Director of Marine Programs, Wildlife Conservation Society
Ken Lindeman, Environmental Defense

9:10 SESSION VI

Session Moderator: Liz Lauck, Assistant Director, Marine Programs, Wildlife Conservation Society

TRANSFORMING SCIENCE INTO POLICY: AN EXAMPLE OF THE VALUE OF RESEARCH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF A SMALL – SCALE CORAL PARK (Bonaire National Marine Park, Dutch Antilles)
Kalli De Meyer, Director, Coral Parks Program, Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL)

SCIENCE-BASED DESIGN OF A NETWORK OF MARINE RESERVES IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA (Mexico)
Enric Sala, Deputy Director, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation and Assistant Professor of Marine Ecology and Conservation, Scripps Institute of Oceanography

STUDYING THE FUNCTION OF MARINE RESERVE NETWORKS – A NEW INTEGRATED APPROACH (Bahamas)
Daniel Brumbaugh, Marine Program Manager, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, AMNH

Panel Discussion
Daniel Brumbaugh, Marine Program Manager, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, AMNH
Kalli De Meyer, Director, Coral Parks Program, Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL)
Enric Sala, Deputy Director, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation and Assistant Professor of Marine Ecology and Conservation, Scripps Institute of Oceanography

10:45 SESSION VII

Session Moderator: Scott Burns, Director of Fisheries Conservation, World Wildlife Fund

CONSERVATION PARADIGMS AND THE FUTURE OF MARINE WILDLIFE IN PATAGONIAN WATERS (Argentina)
Claudio Campagna, Conservation Zoologist, Wildlife Conservation Society/National Research Council of Argentina (COCINET)

LESSONS LEARNED FROM LONG-TERM MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT OF MPAS (Kenya)
Nyawira Muthiga, Head, Coastal Wetlands Program, Kenya Wildlife Service
Tim R. McClanahan, Coral Reef Research and Conservation Programs, Wildlife Conservation Society

A REPRESENTATIVE NETWORK OF MARINE RESERVES (Australia)
Leanne Fernandes, Manager, Representative Areas Program, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority

Panel Discussion
Claudio Campagna, Conservation Zoologist, Wildlife Conservation Society/National Research Council of Argentina (COCINET)
Leanne Fernandes, Manager, Representative Areas Program, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority
Tim R. McClanahan, Coral Reef Research and Conservation Programs, Wildlife Conservation Society
Nyawira Muthiga, Head, Coastal Wetlands Program, Kenya Wildlife Service

1:30 SESSION VIII

Session Moderator: Gary E. Davis, Science Advisor, Channel Islands National Park, U.S. National Park Service

COMBINING TRADITIONAL CULTURAL VALUES AND SCIENCE FOR MARINE-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (Fiji)
Joeli Veitayaki, Coordinator, Marine Affairs Programme, University of the South Pacific

TOWARDS AN EFFECTIVE NETWORK OF MPAS: BUILDING LOCAL CAPACITY AND FINANCING MECHANISMS (Indonesia)
Rili Djohani, Director, Coastal and Marine Indonesia Program, The Nature Conservancy

SUSTAINING SEASCAPES THROUGH THE USE OF MARINE ZONING IN THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY (USA)
Billy D. Causey, Superintendent, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (NOAA)

Panel Discussion
Billy D. Causey, Superintendent, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (NOAA)
Rili Djohani, Director, Coastal and Marine Indonesia Program, The Nature Conservancy
Joeli Veitayaki, Coordinator, Marine Affairs Programme, University of the South Pacific

3:05 SESSION IX

Session Moderator: Katherine Holmes, Marine Biodiversity Specialist, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, AMNH

LESSONS FROM DESIGNING A MARINE RESERVE NETWORK BY COMMITTEE AT THE CALIFORNIA CHANNEL ISLANDS (USA)
Gary E. Davis, Science Advisor, Channel Islands National Park, U.S. National Park Service

IMPACTS OF SPATIAL MANAGEMENT CLOSURES ON FISHERIES PRODUCTION AND BIODIVERSITY ON GEORGES BANK (USA)
Michael J. Fogarty, Senior Scientist, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center

SEASCAPES OF THE GULF OF MAINE: USING GIS TO DEVELOP AN NGO PROPOSAL FOR A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MPAS AND FULLY PROTECTED MARINE RESERVES (USA/Canada)
Anthony Chatwin, Staff Scientist, Conservation Law Foundation

Panel Discussion
Anthony Chatwin, Staff Scientist, Conservation Law Foundation
Gary E. Davis, Science Advisor, Channel Islands National Park, U.S. National Park Service
Michael J. Fogarty, Senior Scientist, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center

4:25 SESSION X

Session Moderator: Eleanor Sterling, Director, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, AMNH

Panel Discussion
FUTURE DIRECTIONS WITH MARINE PROTECTED AREAS (MPAS) AND MARINE BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION IN THE UNITED STATES
Daniel M. Ashe, Chief, National Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Joseph A. Uravitch, Acting Director, National Center for Marine Protected Areas, National Ocean Service, NOAA
Michael Soukup, Associate Director, Resource Stewardship and Science, U.S. National Park Service

Plenary
UNNATURAL OCEANS
Jeremy Jackson, William and Mary B. Ritter Professor of Oceanography, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego

5:45 Concluding Remarks