Charles Mandeville
US Geological Survey
- Phone:
- 703-648-4773
Education
Ph.D., University of Rhode Island, 1995
“Submarine Pyroclastic Deposits: Implications for Pyroclastic Flow/Seawater Interactions and Volatile Discharge During Explosive Volcanic Eruptions”
Research Interests
Dr. Charles W. Mandeville is a volcanologist and geochemist. He is Program Coordinator for Volcano Hazards at the United States Geological Survey (USGS, http://volcanoes.usgs.gov). He conducts research in physical volcanology, petrology of volcanic rocks and applies stable isotope geochemical techniques to volcanic degassing and elemental cycling. His Ph.D. research on the catastrophic eruption of Krakatau Volcano, Indonesia investigated the physical volcanology, petrology and geochemistry of the 1883 deposits preserved on land and on the sea floor surrounding the volcano. Results of this research indicated that entrance of pyroclastic flows into the sea during the 1883 eruption was the cause of lethal tsunamis.
Exsolution of volatiles (H2O, CO2, S, Cl, F) from magma generates overpressure in crustal magma chambers and drives volcanic eruptions. Dr. Mandeville measures dissolved H2O and CO2 in melt inclusions and matrix glasses by infrared spectroscopy and S, Cl, F by electron microprobe or secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS). He combines magmatic volatiles data with stable isotopes of sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen from the same samples to delineate the ultimate sources of magmatic volatiles, zones of magma storage in the crust, and extents and styles of degassing. Dr. Mandeville is particularly interested in how degassing style indicated by stable isotope data correlates with magma ascent rates and explosive or effusive eruptive activity. Integrated volatiles and stable isotope studies of the Krakatau and Mt. Mazama (current site of Crater Lake, Oregon) eruptions identified the mantle as the ultimate source of dissolved volatiles and the large modifications of initial sulfur and hydrogen isotopic signatures that can result from degassing as documented from samples spanning each of the deposit stratigraphies.
Dr. Mandeville continues to conduct U.S. National Science Foundation supported research on recycling of sulfur in subduction zone magmatism by conducting in situ sulfur isotopic measurements of melt inclusions utilizing secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) for best estimates of initial isotopic composition and sulfur and iron speciation and oxidation state in mafic melt inclusions from a number of arc volcanoes as well as experimental run products from high temperature sulfur isotope fractionation experiments.
Publications
Mandeville, C.W., “Sulfur: A Ubiquitous and Useful Tracer in Earth and Planetary Sciences” Elements: 6, 75-80, 2010.
Metrich, N. and Mandeville C.W., “Sulfur in Magmas” Elements: 6, 81-86, 2010.
Mandeville, C.W., Webster, J., Tappen, C., Taylor, B., Timbal, A., Sasaki, A., Hauri, E., Bacon, C., “Stable Isotopic and Petrologic Evidence for Open-System Degassing during the Climactic and Pre-Climactic Eruptions of Mt. Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 73, 2978-3012, 2009.
Tappen, C.M., Webster, J.D., Mandeville, C.W., Roderick, D., “Petrology and geochemistry of ca. 2100-1000 a.B.P., magmas of Augustine volcano, Alaska, based on analysis of prehistoric pumiceous tephra” Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 183: 42-62, 2009.
Pallister, J.S., Thornber, C. R., Cashman, K.V., Clynne, M.A., Lowers, H.A., Mandeville, C.W., Brownfield, I.K., and Meeker, G.P., “Petrology of the 2004-2006 Mt. St. Helens lava dome- implications for magmatic plumbing and eruption triggering” Chapter 30 in Sherrod, D.R., Scott, W.E., and Stauffer, P.H., eds., A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004–2006: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750, 647-702, 2008.
Thornber, C.R., Pallister, J.S., Lowers, H., Rowe, M.C., Mandeville, C., and Meeker, G.P., “The chemistry, mineralogy and petrology of amphibole in 2004-2006 Mount St. Helens dacite” Chapter 32 in Sherrod, D.R.,Scott, W.E., and Stauffer, P.H., eds., A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004–2006: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750, 727-754, 2008.
Webster, J.D., and Mandeville, C., “Fluid immiscibility in volcanic environments” in Liebscher, A. and Heinrich, C. eds., Fluid-Fluid Immiscibility, Reviews in Mineralogy Vol. 65., Mineralogical Society of America 313-362, 2007.
Mandeville, C.W., Webster, J. D., Rutherford, M.J., Taylor, B.E., Timbal, A., and Faure, K., “Determination of molar absorptivities for infrared absorption bands of H2O in andesitic glasses” American Mineralogist: 87, 813-821, 2002.
Hauri, E., and Wang, J., Dixon, J.E., King, P.L., Mandeville, C.W., and Newman, S., “SIMS Analysis of Volatiles in Volcanic Glasses, 1: Calibration, Matrix Effects and Comparison with FTIR” Chemical Geology: 183, 99-114, 2002.
Mandeville, C.W., A. Sasaki, G. Saito, K. Faure, R. King and E. Hauri, “Open-System Degassing of Sulfur from Krakatau 1883 Magma” Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 160, 709-722, 1998.
Mandeville, C.W., S. Carey, and H. Sigurdsson, “Magma mixing, fractional crystallization, and volatile discharge during the 1883 eruption of Krakatau volcano, Indonesia” Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research: 74, 243-274, 1996.
Mandeville, C.W., S. Carey, and H. Sigurdsson, “Sedimentology of the Krakatau 1883 submarine pyroclastic deposits” Bulletin of Volcanology: 57, 512-529, 1996.
Carey, S., H. Sigurdsson, and C. Mandeville “Pyroclastic deposits from flows and surges which traveled over the sea during the 1883 eruption of Krakatau volcano” Bulletin of Volcanology: 57, 493-511, 1996.
Mandeville, C. W., S. Carey, H. Sigurdsson, and J. King, “Paleomagnetic Evidence for High Temperature Emplacement of the 1883 Subaqueous Pyroclastic Flows from Krakatau Volcano, Indonesia” Journal of Geophysical Research: 99, B5, 9487-9504, 1994.