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Deep inside the Earth, intense heat and pressure can change rocks into entirely new metamorphic rocks.
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These rocks provide the most clues about the history of life on Earth. 
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Igneous rocks form when magma, or melted rock from inside the Earth, cools and hardens. They can form above ground wh...
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Visit a scientist's lab to see how he creates a magma chamber!
Story

Meet six rocks that travelled to the Museum from places like Mexico, Scotland, and even outer space.
Hands-on

Every rock has a story to tell. Learn how to create a collection that rocks!
Hands-on

Create your own crystals with sugar. Then enjoy your tasty treat!
Hands-on

Anyone can find fossils. This handy guide tells you where to look and what to do.
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Deformed conglomerate is a metamorphic rock that has been changed by heat and pressure.
Story

Find out how he became a geologist and what you can learn from studying rocks.
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Take a peek at our planet's layers, learn what secrets rocks reveal, and gain a long view of history.
Hands-on

See if you can find north by making your own compass.
Hands-on

Create weather tools to gather wind, rain, and pressure data in your neighborhood.
Hands-on

Make a model of Earth's layers that's good enough to eat!
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Granite is an igneous rock, which means it formed from magma, or melted rock. It forms deep inside the Earth under a...
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Obsidian doesn't look like your typical rock. In fact, it looks more like dark glass than a rock you'd pick up in you...
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Jade is a special and rare rock. For thousands of years, people around the world have been using this durable and bea...
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Ed Mathez has always been fascinated by rocks and the Earth. As a young boy, he went with his mother to old rock quar...
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Jim is fascinated with volcanoes. He wants to know why some volcanoes erupt explosively, and how he might be able to...
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Like many kids interested in science, Ro Kinzler thought she wanted to be a marine biologist. But later on, she reali...
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The plates that make up the Earth's crust are always moving. When two plates meet, the motion causes lots of pressure...
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Asteroids are space rocks that have existed since the formation of the planets over 4.6 billion years ago. Scientists...
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George Harlow travels the world over to study how jade, rubies, and diamonds form. George wants to find out what thes...
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Did you ever see a "shooting star"? What you really saw was a meteor burning up in the Earth's atmosphere.
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Limestone is made up of fossils. After small marine animals die, their shells and skeletons build up on the ocean floor.
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Comets are like "dirty snowballs" that have orbited the Sun since our Solar System formed, billions of year...
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If you ever find a pseudoscorpion in your bathtub, don't worry! These tiny arachnids are harmless to humans.
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Not all spiders spin webs to catch their meals. When night falls in Australia, the white-tailed spider hunts its prey...
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Most ocean plants and animals live near the shore, on a narrow ribbon of seafloor called the continental shelf.
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As a kid, John Flynn had a rock collection and made lots of trips with his family and school to the American Museum o...
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Do you have what it takes to drive a robot on Mars?
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Fossils are the key to understanding life in the past.
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Carefully removing the fossils without damaging them takes talent, special tools, and lots of patience. 
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The hellbender is one of the largest salamanders in North America.
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When "ologists" observe plants, animals, fossils, or rocks, they know they won't remember every detail. So...
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Water is a precious resource, and all things need water to survive.
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Pathfinder landed on Mars' surface carrying thesix-wheeled Sojourner rover, a mobile robot. Rover and lander took ov...
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Saturn is known for the beautiful rings that form a giant hula hoop around it. The rings are made of chunks of ice an...
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Sandstone is made of tiny pieces of sand you can see and feel. You can actually scratch away grains of sand from a pi...
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The oddest thing about Uranus is that the planet, its rings, and its moons "roll" around the Sun on an axis...
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The name Jurassic conjures images of tremendous dinosaurs roaming the Earth.
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Earth was a very different place at the beginning of the Triassic. All of Earth's continents were combined into one s...
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Some volcanoes erupt explosively, like opening a shaken soda bottle, because their magma is full of gases.
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Take a deep breath and exhale slowly. Your body just released carbon dioxide, a colorless gas that's essential to lif...
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Test your knowledge about our planet Earth with this quiz.
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Imagine you are an Arabian incense trader in 100 B.C. Arriving in Petra, you enter through the Siq—a long, winding go...
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Miles below your feet, scorching temperatures can get hot enough to melt rock. In some places, water heated deep unde...
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In 1997, Dolly rocked the world of genetics. Not baaaa'd for a little lamb from Scotland. What was the big deal? She...
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In the 1940s, paleontologists from the American Museum of Natural History discovered rich fossil beds in the high des...
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Pluto was discovered in 1930 and considered to be the ninth planet in our solar system.
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On July 5, 1997, the six-wheeled robotic rover, Sojourner, rolled down a ramp from the Pathfinder spacecraft onto the...
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The seafloor covers more than half of the Earth's surface. Most of the seafloor consists of the flat, expansive abyss...
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When he was 8 years old, Theodore Roosevelt found a seal skull. It would be the first specimen in his very own natura...
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A bike, a tree, a cloud, an ocean -- any object you can name -- it's all made of matter. Even YOU are made of matter....
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Do you dig the Earth? If so, you'll want to meet Ed.
Hands-on

Send a note to a friend with these earthy letterheads.
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As an Eagle Scout, David Hurst Thomas was always on the lookout for ancient Indian camps. He never found one as a kid...
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How do your fossil-sorting skills stack up? Put them to the test with this kid-friendly online puzzle.
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Mundo Shamundo! Can you help Mandy study for her geology test?
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Take a peek into a mineralogist's scrapbook to see why he thinks jade is so special.
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Two thousand years ago, an ancient city called Petra thrived deep in the desert of Nabataean kingdom.
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Conservation biologist Ana Luz Porzecanski answers kids' questions.
¡TAMBIÉN EN ESPAÑOL!
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It's fitting that the largest planet in our solar system is named after Jupiter, the supreme king of all Roman gods....
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The Viking mission was the first to explore Mars' surface. Two spacecraft, Viking 1 and 2, each with an orbiter and a...
Hands-on

Bury chicken bones in plaster of Paris to see the challenges paleontologists face when excavating fossils.
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Ancient trash or ancient treasure? This archaeologist tells us which he prefers.
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Archaelogist David Hurst Thomas answers kids' questions.
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The smallest and most distant of the "gas giant" planets. Neptune has much in common with its three huge ne...
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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) runs the space program, but that's just part of what they do.
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Guatemala is located in Central America. It sits south of Mexico and northwest of El Salvador and Honduras.
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Early civilizations offered it to appease their gods. Ancient Egyptians placed it in tombs to support the dead on the...
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If there's life on any other planet in our solar system, it's probably on Mars. Scientists have sent orbiters, lander...
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Sterling was always fascinated by nature, ancient history, and archaeology. Since he was 15 years old, he has spent e...
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Many famous dinosaurs, such as T. rex and Triceratops, first appeared in the Cretaceous Period.
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Long before dinosaurs, these strange roach-like creatures scurried along the ancient sea floor.
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The Earth is our home. So far, it's the only place that we know of that has life. Everywhere you look on Earth there...
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From waves to waterfalls, water is usually on the move. And that means it has energy. When this energy is captured an...
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In satellite images of Earth's atmosphere, it's easy to spot the large, spiraling clouds of hurricane. These powerful...
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One look at Redondasaurus, and you might think it's a crocodile. After all, it has a similar long, armored body, with...
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Its brow horns and snout horn inspired this dinosaur's name, which means "three-horned face."
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Confuciusornis is the earliest-known toothless, beaked bird.
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Effigia looks just like a dinosaur. It particularly looks a lot like bird-like dinosaurs called ornithomimids, or ost...
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The first vertebrates to fly took to the skies about 215 million years ago. These creatures were neither birds nor ba...
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About 80 million years ago in the Gobi Desert, sixteen dinosaurs hatched in this nest. One of the hatchlings died bef...
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This real-life "Indiana Jones" led the first AMNH expeditions to the Gobi Desert in Mongolia.
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Every summer, Museum paleontologists join Mongolian scientists to hunt for fossils. 
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About 80 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous, this armored plant-eater roamed the Gobi Desert in Central Asia.
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In the 1920s, the first team of Museum paleontologists trekked to the Gobi Desert in Mongolia.
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These creatures have lived in Earth's oceans for over 545 million years!
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When the famous Tyrannosaurus rex roamed North America, a very similar dinosaur was living on the other side of the E...
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The Earth is always changing. Mountains form and erode away. Volcanoes erupt and grow larger. Earthquakes shift the l...
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If you look at a map, the coasts of South America and Africa seem to fit together like puzzle pieces.
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Scientists are developing and improving "clean" energy sources. But for the next hundred years, the world w...
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Ross MacPhee has always loved dirt. It means the opportunity to find lost things--from bones and teeth to pirate trea...
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Of all the dinosaurs to roam the Earth, the largest ones belonged to a group called sauropods- huge plant-eating dino...
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Most amphibians start their lives in water, and grow up to live on land. But axolotls live their whole lives in water...
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When she was a kid, Ana explored the landscapes of rural Uruguay and Brazil and the many plants and animals that live...
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Since he was a boy, Vladimir Ovtsharenko has been fascinated by nature. Growing up, he loved collecting spiders, beet...
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The deep sea is not an easy place to explore. To observe the ocean below 2,000 meters (or 6,562 feet), scientists mus...
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Mummies are preserved remains of humans and other animals, some lasting for thousands of years.
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One of the earlier dinosaurs to appear on Earth was Coelophysis. It was a small, but skilled hunter that lived during...
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More than four thousand islands—including one big island—make up this nation in the Caribbean Sea.
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There is nothing in the world like water. Without it, our world would be a very different place. Water covers over tw...
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Are these rare and colorful creatures flowering plants or animals?
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Based on fossils of ancient dragonflies, we know these winged insects have been soaring around for at least 300 milli...
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Located in the heart of the Middle East, this small desert nation is home to some of the world's oldest archaeologica...
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Think of giant kelp as the Godzilla of the seaweeds.